\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

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[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Mr Ould Abdelaziz has refused to answer questions so far, and says that as a former president the constitution grants him immunity from prosecution.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Mauritania's ex-president charged with corruption","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"mauritanias-ex-president-charged-with-corruption","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4643","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4614,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dlca.logcluster.org\/display\/public\/DLCA\/2.1.1+Democratic+Republic+of+Congo+Port+of+Matadi<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.worldportsource.com\/ports\/COD_Port_of_Matadi_2212.php<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

It all started when a parliamentary commission investigating mismanagement of state funds during Mr Ould Abdelaiz's time in office submitted its report to the ministry of justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mr Ould Abdelaziz has refused to answer questions so far, and says that as a former president the constitution grants him immunity from prosecution.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Mauritania's ex-president charged with corruption","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"mauritanias-ex-president-charged-with-corruption","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4643","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4614,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

The former president denies any wrongdoing and says the accusations against him are \"politically motivated\". He had refused to sign the minutes of his interrogation by the anti-corruption officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It all started when a parliamentary commission investigating mismanagement of state funds during Mr Ould Abdelaiz's time in office submitted its report to the ministry of justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mr Ould Abdelaziz has refused to answer questions so far, and says that as a former president the constitution grants him immunity from prosecution.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Mauritania's ex-president charged with corruption","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"mauritanias-ex-president-charged-with-corruption","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4643","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4614,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

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[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Former officials who served under Mr Ould Abdelaziz were also charged with various offences in the same case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The former president denies any wrongdoing and says the accusations against him are \"politically motivated\". He had refused to sign the minutes of his interrogation by the anti-corruption officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It all started when a parliamentary commission investigating mismanagement of state funds during Mr Ould Abdelaiz's time in office submitted its report to the ministry of justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mr Ould Abdelaziz has refused to answer questions so far, and says that as a former president the constitution grants him immunity from prosecution.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Mauritania's ex-president charged with corruption","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"mauritanias-ex-president-charged-with-corruption","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4643","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4614,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Prosecutors have asked for Mr Ould Abdelaziz to be placed under court supervision until further investigations are complete and a court hearing is decided, local media report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Former officials who served under Mr Ould Abdelaziz were also charged with various offences in the same case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The former president denies any wrongdoing and says the accusations against him are \"politically motivated\". He had refused to sign the minutes of his interrogation by the anti-corruption officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It all started when a parliamentary commission investigating mismanagement of state funds during Mr Ould Abdelaiz's time in office submitted its report to the ministry of justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mr Ould Abdelaziz has refused to answer questions so far, and says that as a former president the constitution grants him immunity from prosecution.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Mauritania's ex-president charged with corruption","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"mauritanias-ex-president-charged-with-corruption","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4643","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4614,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

Mohamed Ould Abdelaziz who held office from 2008 to 2019 spent Tuesday night and Wednesday in custody at the national security headquarters were he was interrogated in the corruption case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prosecutors have asked for Mr Ould Abdelaziz to be placed under court supervision until further investigations are complete and a court hearing is decided, local media report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Former officials who served under Mr Ould Abdelaziz were also charged with various offences in the same case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The former president denies any wrongdoing and says the accusations against him are \"politically motivated\". He had refused to sign the minutes of his interrogation by the anti-corruption officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It all started when a parliamentary commission investigating mismanagement of state funds during Mr Ould Abdelaiz's time in office submitted its report to the ministry of justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mr Ould Abdelaziz has refused to answer questions so far, and says that as a former president the constitution grants him immunity from prosecution.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Mauritania's ex-president charged with corruption","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"mauritanias-ex-president-charged-with-corruption","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4643","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4614,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

A former president of Mauritania has been charged with corruption, money laundering and unexplained wealth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mohamed Ould Abdelaziz who held office from 2008 to 2019 spent Tuesday night and Wednesday in custody at the national security headquarters were he was interrogated in the corruption case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prosecutors have asked for Mr Ould Abdelaziz to be placed under court supervision until further investigations are complete and a court hearing is decided, local media report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Former officials who served under Mr Ould Abdelaziz were also charged with various offences in the same case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The former president denies any wrongdoing and says the accusations against him are \"politically motivated\". He had refused to sign the minutes of his interrogation by the anti-corruption officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It all started when a parliamentary commission investigating mismanagement of state funds during Mr Ould Abdelaiz's time in office submitted its report to the ministry of justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mr Ould Abdelaziz has refused to answer questions so far, and says that as a former president the constitution grants him immunity from prosecution.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Mauritania's ex-president charged with corruption","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"mauritanias-ex-president-charged-with-corruption","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4643","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4614,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

\n

originally published:<\/em> 11 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/topics\/cnx753jejv7t\/mauritania<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A former president of Mauritania has been charged with corruption, money laundering and unexplained wealth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mohamed Ould Abdelaziz who held office from 2008 to 2019 spent Tuesday night and Wednesday in custody at the national security headquarters were he was interrogated in the corruption case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prosecutors have asked for Mr Ould Abdelaziz to be placed under court supervision until further investigations are complete and a court hearing is decided, local media report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Former officials who served under Mr Ould Abdelaziz were also charged with various offences in the same case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The former president denies any wrongdoing and says the accusations against him are \"politically motivated\". He had refused to sign the minutes of his interrogation by the anti-corruption officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It all started when a parliamentary commission investigating mismanagement of state funds during Mr Ould Abdelaiz's time in office submitted its report to the ministry of justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mr Ould Abdelaziz has refused to answer questions so far, and says that as a former president the constitution grants him immunity from prosecution.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Mauritania's ex-president charged with corruption","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"mauritanias-ex-president-charged-with-corruption","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4643","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4614,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-25 21:54:18","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On August 4, 2020, shortly after 6 p.m., in the port area of \u200b\u200bBeirut, the capital of Lebanon, 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which was confiscated (because of its dangerousness) from a Russian ship[1]<\/sup><\/a> in 2013[2]<\/sup><\/a>, and, due to the bankruptcy of its owner[3]<\/sup><\/a>, have remained in a customs shed without precautionary measures, exploded[4]<\/sup><\/a>. It was an earthquake-like explosion that killed around 200 people, injured over 7,000 and destroyed homes for more than 300,000 city residents[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regardless of the considerations on the very serious errors of the port administration, this tragedy caused another incurable wound in the urban fabric of a city victim of wars and political attacks of all kinds for a hundred years and thus constitutes a privileged arena for companies who are called upon to rebuild after each disaster. What we are telling is the story of the oldest and most famous of these Lebanese construction companies: The Dar Al-Handasah group of the Shair family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story shows a similar evolution as during the construction boom in the Third World, but also in the European countries destroyed by the Second World War: Regulating the industrial processes of a country under reconstruction involves an almost compulsory \"acceptable\"[6]<\/sup><\/a> form of corruption. This paradox is even more evident in certain third world countries, where there is no state social policy (because it is a dictatorship, because the country is poor, because it is emerging from a civil war catastrophic) and where domination over available resources is the only reason why every investor is ready for anything[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The story of the Lebanese group Dar Al-Handasah[8]<\/sup><\/a> was born thanks to a happy start, due to the favorable wave for construction companies in Lebanon and throughout the Middle East[9]<\/sup><\/a>, and thanks the ambition of four young men who were friends since childhood. The founder, Kamal A. Shair[10]<\/sup><\/a>, is a visionary engineer (\u201cFrom the moment I founded Dar Al-Handasah, I thought that the company should become something that would continue to prosper long after I started working - and even after I will have left this earth<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>) which is characterized by its determination and its ability to forge friendships and professional relationships, using charisma, the quality of his work, but also (if necessary) corruption - from Lebanon, then all around the world[12]<\/sup><\/a>, to some controversial construction contracts for the CIA and the US Department of Defense[13]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Born in the West Bank in the small village of Es-Salt (known for the devastation caused by the Battle of Transjordan between the British and the Ottomans on Easter Saturday 1918, in which peaceful Christians and Muslims were slaughtered together because they opposed the Turks[14]<\/sup><\/a>), he realizes that in times of turbulence an international engineering, architectural and planning firm is needed, capable of ruthlessly fighting competition[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut 1956, four boys and a dream<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The founders of Dar Al-Handasah. Apart from Kamal A. Shair (third from left), the others have been removed from company biographies<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

His business idea and his vision of the world go hand in hand with his political ideology: thanks to his studies at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated[16]<\/sup><\/a>, he dreams of a future in an emancipated, progressive and democratic country, supported by political and economic reforms - whose principle have the characteristics of social openness, environmental protection, innovation and higher education[17]<\/sup><\/a>. The four boys became friends and advisers to heads of State, intellectuals, soldiers, entrepreneurs and politicians who shared the dream of a new era for the Middle East[18]<\/sup><\/a>: almost a utopia in the areas marked by civil war and corruption. If you add to this the charisma of Kamal A. Shair, the attractiveness of his industrial project becomes stronger and stronger. He calls it Dar Al-Handasah, \u201cThe Home of Engineers<\/em>\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After growing up together in the streets of the capital, in 1956[20]<\/sup><\/a>, studying in the same rooms and sharing dreams and needs, four very young professors from the American University of Beirut[21]<\/sup><\/a> founded an engineering office in Beirut, which, at that historic moment, was an absolute vanguard in the construction industry[22]<\/sup><\/a>. There is a world to imagine and build - and everyone did it with such fervor that Beirut at the time was called the \u201cGolden Switzerland<\/em>\u201d[23]<\/sup><\/a>. The year 1958 was the turning point for the company. Thanks to the first major contract in Kuwait (a power plant), the rise of Dar Al-Handasah begins explosively[24]<\/sup><\/a>, with subsequent projects in the Middle East, in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and in Africa. Today, the group controls 47 international offices outside Lebanon[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten years later, in the early 1970s, Dar Al Handasah changed its name to Dar Al-Handasah Shair and Partners: now Kamal A. Shair has become the undisputed leader of the company, he ousted his childhood friends and decides to sell 60%  of the shares of the holding company to managers who have stood out over the years[26]<\/sup><\/a>; a symbolic gesture, a message of absolute bond between those who form the heart of the company, a \"magic circle<\/em>\" which stands out and has become a national elite - especially after the seizure of power by the family of Suleiman Franjieh in Lebanon and Syria and became the epicenter of a Pan-Arab economic engine that emerged from the humiliation of the Six Day War[27]<\/sup><\/a>: a wave that Kamal A. Shair masterfully rides, securing large and profitable contracts in Nigeria, Algeria, Qatar[28]<\/sup><\/a> and everywhere around the East[29]<\/sup><\/a>. Gradually winning, allowing the group to extend its activity to all construction sectors: residential, transport, industry and services[30]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dar Al-Handasah group is one of the leaders of the golden age of the reconstruction of the Lebanese country, after 25 years of civil war[31]<\/sup><\/a> - a modernization which will not be completed until 1991[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Today, Dar Al-Handasah is one of the world's most renowned architectural design[33]<\/sup><\/a> companies and one of the largest employers in Lebanon[34]<\/sup><\/a>. However, this does not happen without consequences - the group is under investigation for corruption in three jurisdictions: Angola[35]<\/sup><\/a>, Egypt[36]<\/sup><\/a>, Lebanon[37]<\/sup><\/a> and finally, due to a serious accident (due to construction without the necessary safety measures) also in Saudi Arabia[38]<\/sup><\/a>. It is now known that, thanks to his friendship with an Angolan guerrillero, who later became president (Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos), Dar Al-Handasah also received orders in the 1970s which were paid for by the Soviet Union and guaranteed by the one, who is accused today of being a former employee of the KGB - Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[39]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The friendship with President Dos Santos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Escorcio (second from left) and Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos (fifth), both very young, on an official visit to the GDR<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first stages of success were also those that were accompanied by events of corruption, starting with one of the booming governments (thanks to the great mineral deposits) of those years: The Angola of President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \u201cZedu\u201d Dos Santos[40]<\/sup><\/a> and his daughter Isabel[41]<\/sup><\/a>, who was pushed thanks to the main means of corruption of this clan - the FESA Foundation (Founda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola)[42]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the years, the bond of friendship between the Shair family and the Dos Santos family has grown stronger thanks to converging economic interests: according to research by the ICIJ[43]<\/sup><\/a> and Global Witness[44]<\/sup><\/a>, the Dos Santos Clan has entered a severe liquidity crisis after the end of the civil war and accepted secured loans for oil[45]<\/sup><\/a> that would in future have been extracted from Sonangol[46]<\/sup><\/a> (which to date risks bankrupting the over-indebted state oil company)[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But not all of these loans end up in state coffers: some money is transferred to a UBS account in Jersey - money that was never found because it was processed by the London branch of Arab Bank[48]<\/sup><\/a> \u2013 there, where the Dar Al Handasah group has its bank accounts and from where they were immediately transferred to another location[49]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A part was used to finance an account of the subsidiary Penspen International Holding Limited, used in Hong Kong[50]<\/sup><\/a>, which allowed the company Qatar Petroleum[51]<\/sup><\/a> to sign several contracts in Iran (without appearing directly) for the establishment of a consortium with the oil trading company Initial Oil. Initial Oil is controlled by a personal assistant to Kamal A. Shair: again the former KGB employee, now Angolan Ambassador (and friend of Jos\u00e9 Eduardo \"Zedu\" Dos Santos), the aforementioned Herminio Joaquin Escorcio[52]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It also explains the connection with Qatar, where Dar Al-Handasah has an institutional headquarters[53]<\/sup><\/a>, just like in Abu Dhabi[54]<\/sup><\/a> - the Shair family always manages to get along with everyone. In Doha, however, Dar Al-Handasah creates one of his masterpieces. There is talk of investment figures well over $ 3 billion between 1989 and 2004[55]<\/sup><\/a> - money that was used to manage the contract for one of the biggest construction projects in Qatar: \"The Pearl<\/em>\"[56]<\/sup><\/a> (see photo opening of this article) which consists of creating two peninsulas for rich customers[57]<\/sup><\/a>, with 10 huge apartments\u2019 buildings composed of 40 towers[58]<\/sup><\/a>, each with a place for boats, supermarkets, gymnasiums and even a mosque, and completely independent, all two for drinking water (filtered from the sea) as well as for energy (solar panels and geothermal systems)[59]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advice payments given to middlemen (possibly bribes) by Dar Al-Handasah are estimated to be around $ 100 million, compared to around $ 16 billion in profits for architecture and construction, and around $ 4 billion dollars over ten years for subsequent infrastructure administration[60]<\/sup><\/a>. A thousand and one nights\u2019 affair. According to international NGOs, these 100 million went through another bank account in Jersey which was offered to Lebanese leaders by intermediaries in Qatar[61]<\/sup><\/a>. In this case also, one of these intermediaries is the former CEO of Sonangol[62]<\/sup><\/a>, Escorcio[63]<\/sup><\/a>: the assistant of Kamal A. Shair[64]<\/sup><\/a>, who thanks to his Lebanese boss became ambassador in Austria, Switzerland, Algeria, Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Portugal, Libya, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates[65]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dos Santos family has controlled the construction\u2019s system since the end of the Angolan civil war through the friendly and corrupt companies that support them: the construction sector is closely linked to social needs and politics as a symbol and factor of growth and the emancipation of the nation. When you control that sector, you have the power and respect of the local oligarchies[66]<\/sup><\/a>. The objective is to create a sort of bourgeoisie with oligarchic functions (made up of the leaders of the ruling party[67]<\/sup><\/a>, the MPLA[68]<\/sup><\/a>, and high-ranking military officers[69]<\/sup><\/a> such as General H\u00e9lder Vieira Dias \"Kopelipa\"[70]<\/sup><\/a>, as well as certain executives from Sonangol[71]<\/sup><\/a> and FESA[72]<\/sup><\/a>), whose job it is to control Angola's economic and infrastructural growth - a conception of which Dar Al-Handasah has always been a part[73]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herminio Joaquin Escorcio and the building boom in Angola<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A look at the district of Luanda (one million social housing units) that Dar Al-Handasah built between 2006 and 2012<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because Angola is also in a hurry to grow. In 2006, the capital Luanda needed new apartments in a flash due to the increasing urbanization of the population, who escaped the misery of rural areas and sought happiness in the city[74]<\/sup><\/a>. Zedu sought help in Russia, in the United States, and in his daughter Isabel's Portuguese friends - without success. According to legend, things changed one day in 1984 when Ronald Reagan (then a friend of Lebanon[75]<\/sup><\/a>), along with Lebanese President Amin Gemayel[76]<\/sup><\/a> (Maronite leader of the Christian Phalanx[77]<\/sup><\/a>) introduced President Dos Santos to Kamal A. Shair[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's probably just a legend. Shair and Zedu must have known each other for a long time, as Kamal took part in the Angolan civil war[79]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly met Zedu. Kamal is said to have been making round trips to the Angolan bush in a private jet in the spring of 1979, bringing medicine and ammunitions to the rebels in exchange for deals to operate the uranium, diamond and gold mines after the war[80]<\/sup><\/a>. However, Kamal A. Shair is the first entrepreneur to pledge help to Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Dos Santos[81]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the Angolan war, Kamal, with his assistant Herminio Escorcio, offered his help in all negotiations on the sale of oil and gas until he became the mediator of many development projects also funded by the Chinese, such as the \"Big One Route<\/em>\" which leads from Port Said[82]<\/sup><\/a> to the ports of Rio Congo, in particular to Port Matadi[83]<\/sup><\/a>, which was built by the French of the Bollor\u00e9[84]<\/sup><\/a> group with Chinese money and was supposed to be the sorting center for the products of Angola's richest oil region comes from the province of Cabinda[85]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamal's good mood therefore rests mainly on his interpersonal skills and his entrepreneurial fervor: it is no coincidence that the Egyptian army, when choosing a leader for the coup, specifically chose Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi [86]<\/sup><\/a>\u2013 one of the best and closest friends of Kamal A. Shair, elected Chief of Staff of the Army and Secret Service[87]<\/sup><\/a>, then Secretary of Defense[88]<\/sup><\/a> and certainly one of Herminio's trusted men Joaquim Escorcio when he was Angolan Ambassador to Cairo[89]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 90s, Kamal, now an older man, gave way to his son Talal[90]<\/sup><\/a>, who, like his father, is an intelligent man with good business acumen and very good connections. Talal is therefore tasked with solving the problem of the housing shortage in Luanda - he does so with an incredible proposal: Dar Al-Handasah is building 1 million houses and the new Palace of the National Assembly[91]<\/sup><\/a>, where the project is questioned by the president as a political victory, but paid with the money of the Shair family.[92]<\/sup><\/a> Dos Santos accepted the proposal and proudly launched in 2012 the \u201cMinha casa, meu sonho<\/em>\u201d (My house, my dream)[93]<\/sup><\/a> construction program, the real cost of which has never become public, even though it was close to 3 billion euros[94]<\/sup><\/a>. A huge sum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Half a century of leading connections in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The fabulous Dar Al-Handasah Palace in Cairo<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talal K. Shair becomes a close friend and advisor to Zedu's daughter, Isabel Dos Santos, whom he supports and accompanies in all his operations in the Middle East[95]<\/sup><\/a>. In addition, Talal has always been associated with the MPLA[96]<\/sup><\/a>, whose pragmatic and secular ideology he shares: he himself dreams of an Islam in which Sunnis, Shiites and Wahhabis are brothers and not enemies as they are today. Very young, still in pursuit of his dream, Talal K. Shair was a supporter and financier of [97]<\/sup><\/a>the creation of the Dar Al-Maal Al-Islami bank in Geneva[98]<\/sup><\/a>, a bank created on the initiative of entrepreneurs, professionals and \"enlightened<\/em>\" Saudi aristocrats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These are ideas inherited from his father: Kamal, through his friendship with the dean of the Cairo Faculty of Architecture, was involved in the project of building a group of public houses that were built specifically for the workers by the oil wells in the desert of eastern Egypt[99]<\/sup><\/a>. Through his consulting firm Shair & Partners, he got in touch with the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan Al-Banna[100]<\/sup><\/a>, but then he was befriended President Gamal Nasser[101]<\/sup><\/a> and later with Hosni Mubarak[102]<\/sup><\/a>. No problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both presidents knew that the Shair family was associated with the Muslim Brotherhood and Mohamed Morsi[103]<\/sup><\/a>, and that Kamal was active with him in the Suez Canal[104]<\/sup><\/a> military unit (where Kamal later attempted to do business with his company) and in maintained, during the years of the war, a deep link with the organization led by Said Ramadan, but also with the Egyptian political power. This gives a measure of the relational talent of the founder of Dar Al-Handasah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even in Lebanon, despite being the Shair family known through deep friendships with the Maronites and Gemayel families and then with President Rafic Hariri[105]<\/sup><\/a>, they managed to ensure that the father and son continue unhindered after the death of these two presidents and the takeover of Hezbollah[106]<\/sup><\/a>. With the passage of the leadership of the group from Kamal to his son Talal and after the discovery of the role of Herminio Escorcio (who was forced to resign as soon as \"Zedu\" lost the presidency[107]<\/sup><\/a>), Dar Al-Handasah had to separate from his former Angolan partner. Talal has since appointed a new assistant, the Lebanese Ramzi Klink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink was not only director of the holding company of Dar Al-Handasah group in Dubai, but was also appointed to the board of directors of FESA (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Eduardo Dos Santos de Angola) and became the link between the Shair and the Dos Santos family in leading the acceptance and distribution of Angolan bribes in connection with companies controlled by Dos Santos such as Angoalissar and Arosfram - and in particular Suninvest, a chemical and pharmaceutical industry group in which Klink , Dar Al-Handasah and the Dos Santos family[108]<\/sup><\/a> - until the seizure, exploited by a presidential decree in June 2019[109]<\/sup><\/a> - held a part of which[110]<\/sup><\/a> they now deny the existence[111]<\/sup><\/a>. Moreover, these are all companies in which (according to Angolan and Portuguese investigators) Hezbollah was involved through Ramzi Klink until 2019 or was useful in carrying out secret business transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is far from everything. In the 1990s, Kamal Shair[112]<\/sup><\/a> was a strong friend and industrial partner of the PLO and of Yasser Arafat, who appointed him to the board of directors of the PDI Palestine Development and Investment Company, which is still one of the pillars of the political and economic power structure in Ramallah[113]<\/sup><\/a>. As for Iraq, relations with Saddam Hussein were also excellent, and after the fall of the dictator they did not change: at the time of his death, Kamal A. Shair was an influential member of the Baghdad Engineers Union[114]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the years of the Iraq war, Kamal had fought against the American embargo on Saddam Hussein - or rather, he wanted his homeland, Jordan, to remain an open channel for Iraqi trade[115]<\/sup><\/a>. Immediately afterwards, Shair became a supporter of post-war aid to force Baghdad to join the liberal and capitalist West[116]<\/sup><\/a>. Dar Al-Handasah has a large office in Istanbul[117]<\/sup><\/a> and several in the Persian Gulf - including Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Syria, and Iran[118]<\/sup><\/a>, although these are countries that have sometimes extremely difficult relations between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista scandal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Barrio Boa Vista before the arrival of the Dar Al-Handasah bulldozers<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The border line between advisory and corruption funds is difficult to define. As a result, the role of the Dar Al-Handasah group has never been fully clarified in another question: the permits for the demolition of the slums of Luanda in Boa Vista and the contracts for the construction of new buildings, a power plant[119]<\/sup><\/a> and of a section of motorway[120]<\/sup><\/a> instead of the hovels[121]<\/sup><\/a>. The Barrio Boa Vista had developed spontaneously due to the savage urbanization during the civil war[122]<\/sup><\/a> and included more than 30,000 people who lived without running water, without electricity, without sewers - in an area which was on the outskirts of the city in 1975, but 25 years later it has become central[123]<\/sup><\/a>. The situation in Boa Vista was so dire that a cholera epidemic broke out in 2006[124]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the spring of 2001, numerous heavy rains[125]<\/sup><\/a> collapsed some huts and after official checks it was found that 10% of the hovels were now severely damaged and uninhabitable. As the provincial council decides on the course of action, President Dos Santos signs a decree calling on the local police to immediately evict the residents - a veritable deportation to some tent towns on the outskirts of the city[126]<\/sup><\/a> on the basis that this would have been impossible to redevelop the area quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August of the same year, an announcement was published on the Dar Al-Handasah website: in 2002, 583 new apartments in Boa Vista (Luanda) would be ready. Those wishing to book should write to the email address of Dar Al-Handasah Consultants Angola - the group-controlled holding company in Luanda[127]<\/sup><\/a>. The Lebanese group plans to demolish the huts freely and then build the new houses, the highway and the power station on the basis of a confidential agreement with the Dos Santos Family Foundation (FESA), which officially owns the new buildings, but transferred all sales and rental income to the Dar Al-Handasah group[128]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar Al-Handasah awards the project to Sonils[129]<\/sup><\/a>, a construction and logistics consulting firm associated with Isabel Dos Santos[130]<\/sup><\/a> and (officially) controlled by Sonangol[131]<\/sup><\/a>. The original project (which pays several other subcontractors for the actual work[132]<\/sup><\/a>) will be completed with a freeway interchange[133]<\/sup><\/a>, two swimming pools and a restaurant, and later also with a shopping center and the new Sonils headquarters - a hated building who, in February 2018, due to the frustration of the population, will be the object of the incendiary fury of people who have never been identified[134]<\/sup><\/a>; The scandal exploded, the director of Dar Al-Handasah Angola, Ramzi Link, had to leave his post[135]<\/sup><\/a>, he fled to South America and founded the construction consulting company Tramma Consulting Group in Junin (Peru)[136]<\/sup><\/a>, joint with which a certain Rafael Loredo Chup\u00e1n, who is responsible for overseeing public contracts awarded by the Peruvian State[137]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klink\u2019s escape was made necessary by the fact that, under the blows of Angolan justice, Isabel Dos Santos' financial empire is now collapsing and banks around the world are starting to ask for the money they loaned to her, after she founded a new holding company, Efacec, where she wanted to deposit as much money as possible that she had stolen from the State or received in payment for favors and transactions of questionable legitimacy[138]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, Klink and Zedu's daughter have to answer for giving grants and diplomatic protection, over the past thirty years, to those on international blacklists, namely Lebanese Hezbollah leaders such as Kassim Tajideen and his sons Mohammed, Ali and Husayn. Moreover, the Tajideen Clan in Angola, sometimes with the financial support of the Dar Al-Handasah group and the FESA Foundation, have founded companies that survive on State contracts: Golfrate Holdings Lda. Luanda, Afri Belg Com\u00e9rcio e Ind\u00fastria Lda. Luanda and Grupo Arosfran Empreendimentos e Participa\u00e7\u00f5es Sarl Luanda[139]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is no doubt that the Dar Al-Handasah group will survive all these storms and, working with governments around the world, can proudly look back on more than 60 years of industrial history. Knowing that there was invested in personal connections and that the corruption of politicians and the military brought in much more money than it costed. Not always, as the saying goes, the devil's meal goes in the bran (translated: whatever is received with dishonesty sooner or later will strike those who have received it). Much more often it is impossible, in the great confusion, to determine which is the devil's meal and which is not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200805004609\/https:\/\/shiparrested.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.westpandi.com\/publications\/news\/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested\/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.b92.net\/info\/vesti\/index.php?yyyy=2020&mm=08&dd=06&nav_category=78&nav_id=1716018<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.oslobodjenje.ba\/vijesti\/svijet\/ovo-je-ruski-tajkun-koji-je-ostavio-brod-pun-eksploziva-kasnije-je-razoren-bejrut-579613<\/a> ; https:\/\/vfokusu.com\/post\/553787\/libanonske-oblasti-so-na-koncu-izpustile-sest-od-desetih-clanov-posadke-stirje-pa-so-skoraj-eno-leto-ostali-ujeti-na-ladji-polni-eksplozivnega-tovora<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-53720383<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/08\/05\/beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-135-as-5000-wounded-live\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Jonas Lindberg, Camilla Orjuela, \u201cCorruption in the aftermath of war: an introduction<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cThird World Quarterly<\/em>\u201d, vol. 35\/5, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London 2014, pages 723-736 \u2013 see https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/01436597.2014.921421<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africa-express.info\/2019\/07\/13\/malgoverno-sfruttamento-e-corruzione-ecco-perche-il-ricco-continente-africano-non-decolla\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gulf-States-Construction-Boom-The-1385117<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/life<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mountaineagle.com\/stories\/world-bank-funded-dam-in-lebanon-mirrors-governance-crisis,28157<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.globalcompact-lebanon.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Brochure-Corruption.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/omerjournal.com\/2020\/07\/03\/remembered-one-hundred-years-later-al-salt-transjordan-and-the-first-world-war\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.kamalshair.info\/#\/activism<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/environment-analyst.com\/global\/71459\/lebanons-dar-group-in-search-of-global-recognition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/277581301_Learning_from_Beirut_From_Modernism_to_Contemporary_Architecture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reportage.corriere.it\/esteri\/2015\/quando-beirut-era-la-svizzera-dorata\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/medium.com\/@Mussaad\/kuwaitechture-eaf5a6a14167<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> William Dalrymple, \u201cFrom the Holy Mountain: A Journey Among the Christians of the Middle East<\/em>\u201d. Vintage Books (Random House), New York 1997, page 252-253<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.waze.com\/en\/livemap\/directions\/qatar\/onaiza\/dar-al-handasah-consultants-(shair-and-partners)?place=w.33751293.337644004.11451053&utm_expid=.NMSW4Hk_Rg6AFGKx-rAj4A.0&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.venturemagazine.me\/2014\/12\/building-jordan-dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencespo.fr\/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance\/fr\/document\/historiography-and-memory-lebanese-civil-war.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.csbe.org\/material-on-water-conservation-1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/archinect.com\/dargroup\/people<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.pri.org\/stories\/2015-01-14\/egypts-deep-state-gets-back-business<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-18\/dar-worley-takeover-mired-in-political-intrigue\/11802584<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/971526<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/angolatransparency.blog\/2016\/05\/04\/angola-herminio-escorcio-e-o-27-de-maio-de-1977-2\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.club-k.net\/~clubknet\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32131:27-de-maio-de-1977-agostinho-neto-nao-passava-de-um-lider-covarde-william-tonet&catid=17:opiniao&lang=pt&Itemid=1067<\/a> ; https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/dtic\/tr\/fulltext\/u2\/a346037.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/jose-eduardo-dos-santos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/peoplepill.com\/people\/isabel-dos-santos\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.fundacionfesa.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51128950<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonangol.co.ao\/English\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2016\/07\/sonangols-debt-woes\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/luanda-leaks\/how-africas-richest-woman-exploited-family-ties-shell-companies-and-inside-deals-to-build-an-empire\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.arabbank.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.penspen.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/qp.com.qa\/en\/Pages\/Home.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.com\/oil--gas\/2006\/01\/11\/the-local-oil-barons,16953767-eve<\/a> ; https:\/\/hotcopper.com.au\/threads\/rubbing-shoulders-with-the-elite.657801\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.myqbd.com\/qatar-companies\/dar-al-handasah-consultants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kerryadolan\/2013\/08\/14\/how-isabel-dos-santos-took-the-short-route-to-become-africas-richest-woman\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/ww.thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/24\/04\/2018\/UDC-signs-deals-worth-QR334m-for-Gewan-Island-development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/metenders.com\/project_cms\/project\/abraj-quartier-residential-project-the-pearl-qatar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/content\/publications\/i4\/darmagazinei4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.asiatraveltips.com\/news05\/195-Dubai.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2012\/01\/30\/economia\/noticia\/manuel-vicente-deixa-a-presidencia-da-sonangol-1531437<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.defrentealcampo.com.ar\/entrevista-a-herminio-joaquin-escorcio-embajador-de-angola-en-su-visita-a-la-pampa-argentina\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2009\/12\/29\/8329\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2011\/10\/45\/Embaixador-Herminio-Escorcio-apresenta-Cartas-Credenciais,1ebbf236-7afe-44e3-a4ca-bcda2327a5f4.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.embaixadadeangola.pt\/relacoes-entre-governos-provinciais-de-angola-e-da-argentina-sao-proficuos\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.botschaftangola.de\/pt-pt\/embaixada\/galeria-dos-embaixadores<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/806e7d95-7921-43fb-8bbf-8100ae295fd1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/mpla.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-africa-51221737<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/angola\/1403050\/As-guerrilla-war-ends-corruption-now-bleeds-Angola-to-death.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/tag\/general-kopelipa-en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/2020\/09\/angolan-corruption-case-snares-irene-neto\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/9\/40\/IGAE-vows-crackdown-corruption-Angola,fc3732cd-0cc3-4ee6-8b6c-5233fac42431.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.limesonline.com\/cartaceo\/luanda-una-citta-in-conflitto?prv=true<\/a> ; http:\/\/cvc.instituto-camoes.pt\/dmdocuments\/lo_spazio_urbano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1981-1988\/lebanon<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.reaganlibrary.gov\/archives\/speech\/remarks-president-reagan-and-president-amin-gemayel-lebanon-following-their-0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Gemayel-family<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/about\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ilfoglio.it\/ritratti\/1999\/11\/30\/news\/amin-gemayel-355\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02589001.2012.724874?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=cjca20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/dailynewsegypt.com\/tag\/dar-al-handasah\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bollore-ports.com\/en\/media\/news.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/mercado.co.ao\/economia\/polo-industrial-do-futila-tem-nova-comissao-instaladora-JD533821<\/a> ; https:\/\/pt.globalvoices.org\/2017\/01\/16\/ha-mais-militares-do-que-populacao-em-cabinda-diz-ativista-angolano-marcos-mavungo\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/minbos.com\/cabinda-phosphate-project\/?lang=pt-br<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-e-abdel-fattah-al-sisi.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Abdel-Fattah-al-Sisi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/timep.org\/esw\/state-actors\/abdel-fattah-el-sisi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/fr_fr\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/3\/16\/Ambassade-Angola-Argentine-offre-des-photos-Che-Guevara,6a4f339b-e188-4934-ae8c-883f4f3c8273.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/AboutUs\/bot\/currentmembers\/Pages\/shair.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/work\/project\/national-assembly-building-of-angola<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/news\/details\/head-of-state-inaugurates-new-national-assembly-building-?org=news<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/reconstrucao-nacional\/2012\/1\/5\/Moradias-projecto-Minha-Casa-Meu-Sonho-prontas-este-mes,4700f2a6-303e-4667-b867-72848bbb2337.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/afraf\/article-abstract\/116\/462\/80\/2645426?redirectedFrom=fulltext<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/makingkilling\/greasing-skids-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.africaintelligence.fr\/petrole-et-gaz_strategies-etat\/2020\/05\/21\/le-gouverneur-lu%C3%ADs-nunes-proche-de-lourenco-partenaire-de-gemcorp-pour-la-raffinerie-de-cabinda,108405924-ar1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DMI_Trust<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-banks-set-sights-on-muslim-customers\/3027172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.privatebanking.com\/directory\/europe-switzerland-geneva-cointrin\/islamic-banking\/dar-al-maal-al-islami-trust<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1645869\/1645869.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.linformale.eu\/3260-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/it.insideover.com\/schede\/politica\/chi-era-gamal-nasser.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[102]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.agi.it\/estero\/news\/2020-02-25\/morto-presidente-egitto-mubarak-primavera-araba-7209543\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[103]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mohamed-Morsi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[104]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32173-4_10<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[105]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 228-229<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[106]<\/sup><\/a> Deen S. Sharp, \u201cCorporate Urbanization: Between the Future and Survival in Lebanon<\/em>\u201d, Dissertation, City University of New York, New York 2018, pages 213, 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[107]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/jornaldeangola.sapo.ao\/politica\/exonerado-embaixador-herminio-escorcio-entre-as-mexidas-no-corpo-diplomatico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[108]<\/sup><\/a> Justin Pearce, \u201cAn Outbreak of Peace: Angola's Situation of Confusion<\/em>\u201d, New Africa Books, Cape Town 2005, pages 22-24<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[109]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/macauhub.com.mo\/2019\/06\/14\/pt-pgr-de-angola-obtem-arresto-de-tres-fabricas-texteis\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[110]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.clbrief.com\/angola-begins-nationalisation-of-assets-acquired-with-public-funds\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.makaangola.org\/?s=Suninvest<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[111]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/pt_pt\/noticias\/politica\/2019\/1\/8\/Suninvest-nega-ligacao-FESA,ca181151-93da-482b-a18c-47996d418feb.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[112]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/expresso.pt\/dossies\/dossiest_actualidade\/dos_hezbollah\/omnipresentes-nos-negocios=f94722<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[113]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/larouchepub.com\/eiw\/public\/1994\/eirv21n28-19940715\/eirv21n28-19940715_040-yasser_arafat_makes_triumphal_re.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[114]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/feaweb.aub.edu.lb\/feasac\/4\/kamal_shair.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[115]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/archives\/la-xpm-1995-08-15-mn-35333-story.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[116]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/ips-dc.org\/spoilers_gatecrash_the_iraq_spoils_party\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[117]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/asia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[118]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dar.com\/contact\/region\/middle-east<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[119]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.solucionesdegestion.net\/en\/portfolio\/the-boavista-ii-thermal-power-plant\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[120]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.angop.ao\/angola\/en_us\/noticias\/politica\/2015\/0\/3\/Minister-highlights-importance-Boavista-Sambizanga-project,a666312f-c3b2-40b2-81ed-947e99735bed.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[121]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/publicintegrity.org\/national-security\/making-a-killing\/greasing-the-skids-of-corruption\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[122]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223030016_Luanda_-_city_profile<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[123]<\/sup><\/a> Borja Monreal, \u201cSer pobre<\/em>\u201d, La Huerta Grande, Madrid 2019 ; https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjsk7Sx8pnsAhXL-qQKHXz9DtYQFjAMegQIBhAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fdisasters%2Frepo%2F6670.doc&usg=AOvVaw32fxQuqPLjGd9MZWZ94C4I<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[124]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.consumer.es\/solidaridad\/la-epidemia-del-colera.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[125]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.angonet.org\/dw\/sites\/default\/files\/online_lib_files\/analysis_of_angolan_historic_rainfall_data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[126]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/hic-gs.org\/news.php?pid=537<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[127]<\/sup><\/a> L\u2019annuncio \u00e8 stato cancellato dal web dopo l\u2019esplosione dello scandalo, non ci \u00e8 stato possibile recuperarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[128]<\/sup><\/a> Sylvia Croese, \u201cState-led housing delivery as an instrument of developmental patrimonialism: The case of post-war Angola<\/em>\u201d, in \u201cAfrican Affairs<\/em>\u201d, volume 116, Issue # 452, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2016, pages 80-100<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[129]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[130]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.sonils.co.ao\/en\/index\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[131]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/allafrica.com\/stories\/201606040183.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[132]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tcontas.ao\/assets\/uploads\/pdf\/16580c721b2484c32b80b48dfe0f2ed7.PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[133]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/tpa.sapo.ao\/noticias\/economia\/viaduto-do-kilamba-inaugurado-esta-sexta-feira<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[134]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.garda.com\/crisis24\/news-alerts\/94021\/angola-fire-ignites-in-boa-vista-luanda-february-28<\/a> ; https:\/\/angola-online.net\/noticias\/base-da-sonils-esta-em-chamas<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[135]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2001\/aug\/18\/3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[136]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.universidadperu.com\/empresas\/tramma-consulting-group.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[137]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rafael-loredo-chup%C3%A1n-58860524\/?originalSubdomain=pe<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[138]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2020\/01\/24\/economia\/noticia\/lsabel-santos-poe-participacao-maioritaria-efacec-venda-1901565<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.dinheirovivo.pt\/banca\/1414144\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[139]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/luandapost.com\/post-edit=Angola-paraiso-do-Hezbollah<\/a><\/p>\n","post_title":"Dar Al-Handasah: The dark side of the giant","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dar-al-handasah-the-dark-side-of-the-giant","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4614","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4597,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 21:43:15","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 20 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/gulf-news\/shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania-1.1187813<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samia Suluhu Hassan became president of Tanzania on Wednesday after the death of John Magufuli and news of her inauguration was welcomed by some Omanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She is not only the first female president of Tanzania, but the first leader of the country born in the semi-autonomous archipelago of Zanzibar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She also has links to Oman through her paternal grandfather, who was born in the eastern town of Al Mudhaibi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her relatives in Oman are proud of her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe never expected her to become president of Tanzania and that is the reason she is now the centre of euphoria in Mudhaibi, a town where her grandfather was born,\u201d a cousin and resident of the town, Mohammed Al Naamani, told The National<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe last time she visited Oman was in 2016 and she came right here in Mudhaibi to see us. After that, due to her busy political life, she could not make it again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Hassan, 61, served as Magufuli\u2019s vice president and last year the pair were re-elected for another five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the constitution, she will complete the rest of the term in the top job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khadija Al Ghaithi, a retired civil servant in Muscat, went to school with Ms Hassan in Zanzibar and said they exchanged messages last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was expecting her not to answer her WhatsApp\u00a0messages because of her new powerful position. But she answered my messages of congratulations very warmly. That shows how humble she still is and that power did not get into her head,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Al Ghaithi said she went to school with Ms Hassan when they were 12 years old and kept in touch over the years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShe was a high achiever in class and very good at communication. She was also always ready to help her friends with anything,\" Ms Al Ghaithi said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"I am personally proud of her as a friend but not at all surprised that she made it to the top in her political career.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was not only those who personally knew her who had warm words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Residents of Al Mudhaibi rejoiced at her new status, despite having never met her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI know her family in Al Mudhaibi but never met her personally when she came here to visit them. But the whole town is talking about her,\u201d Ahmed Al Sinawi, 58, told The National.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are all proud of her. She is a living example of the deep ties between Oman and Zanzibar, tying the two countries together in our common heritage. I really hope she will be back in town to visit us again.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some people from Zanzibar consider Oman to be their ancestral home. It was ruled by Oman between 1698 and 1890 and during that time, a large number of Zanzibaris emigrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1890, Zanzibar became a British protectorate and was ruled by local sultans, who all had Omani ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan who ruled Zanzibar was Jamshid bin Abdullah, who was deposed in a coup in January 1964. In April that year, Zanzibar united with Tanganyika to form the republic of Tanzania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The last sultan of Zanzibar retired in Oman in September last year after more than 50 years in exile in the UK.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Shared history: Omanis celebrate Samia Suluhu Hassan becoming president of Tanzania","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"shared-history-omanis-celebrate-samia-suluhu-hassan-becoming-president-of-tanzania","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4597","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4572,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-21 16:25:16","post_content":"\n

originally published:<\/em> 18 March 2021<\/strong> | origin:<\/em> https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26919&LangID=E<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights Council Holds General Debate on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories, Starts General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Council this afternoon heard the High Commissioner for Human Rights present three reports on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory and the occupied Syrian Golan, then held a general debate on the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories. It also started a general debate on follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michelle Bachelet, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and people with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan. Ms. Bachelet concluded by saying that these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, said Israel was continuing its practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practising State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonising Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people, as speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Sudan on behalf of the Group of African States, Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Venezuela, Libya, Indonesia, Senegal, Russian Federation, Mauritania, Namibia, Pakistan, Bahrain, China, Mexico, Sudan, Cuba, Bangladesh, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, State of Palestine, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Maldives, Saudi Arabia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Chile, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Oman, Djibouti, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Ireland, Tunisia, Yemen, Turkey and Luxembourg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also taking the floor were the following non-governmental organizations: World Jewish Congress; Organization for Defending Victims of Violence; International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights; Institute for NGO Research; Khiam Rehabilitation Centre for Victims of Torture; United Nations Watch; Medical Aid for Palestinians; Al-Haq, Law in the Service of Man; International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations; Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian; Norwegian Refugee Council; Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches; B'nai B'rith; Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy; Women's Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling; Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; Touro Law Centre, Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust; Legal Centre for Arab Minority Rights in Israel; International Federation for Human Rights Leagues; Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies; International-Lawyers.Org; Human Rights Watch; Geo Expertise Association; International Federation for the Protection of the Rights of Ethnic, Religious, Linguistic and Other Minorities; Defence for Children International; Partners For Transparency; Maat for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association; and Next Century Foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council then began its general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the general debate, speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and the Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries. Speakers also highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaking were Portugal on behalf of the European Union, Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Cameroon on behalf of the Group of African States, Chile on behalf of a group of countries, Azerbaijan on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Libya on behalf of the Group of Arab States, Italy on behalf of Rule of Law Group, China on behalf of a group of countries, United States on behalf of a group of countries, Armenia, Venezuela, Indonesia, Brazil, India, Pakistan, Nepal and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The webcast of the Human Rights Council meetings can be found here<\/a>. All meeting summaries can be found here<\/a>. Documents and reports related to the Human Rights Council\u2019s forty-sixth regular session can be found here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 19 March to continue the general debate on the follow-up to and implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. It will then hear the presentation of the report of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Effective Implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the oral update of the High Commissioner on the implementation of resolution 43\/1 on systemic racism, violations and international human rights law against Africans and people of African descent by law enforcement agencies, followed by a general debate on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related forms of intolerance, follow-up to and implementation of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and other Occupied Arab Territories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/63<\/a> on the implementation of HRC resolutions S-9\/1 and S-12\/1 on the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the Secretary-General A\/HRC\/46\/64<\/a> on the situation of human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Council has before it the report of the High Commissioner A\/HRC\/46\/65<\/a> on the consequences of settlement activity and other steps taken towards formal annexation in the occupied Palestinian territory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presentation of Reports<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MICHELLE BACHELET, High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the thirteenth periodic report on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory covered the period from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020 and provided an overview of recurring violations of international humanitarian law by Israel and by Palestinian armed groups as well as violations of international human rights law by all three duty-bearers, namely Israel, the State of Palestine and the de facto authorities in Gaza. The reporting period was marked by persisting human rights violations throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including violations of the right to life and physical integrity impacting men, women, children and persons with disabilities; restrictions of freedom of movement; and restrictions of the rights to a fair trial, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The report focused on the situation of Palestinian women and girls, who were subjected to multiple layers of violence and discrimination, in the public and private spheres. It highlighted persisting serious concerns of unnecessary or disproportionate use of force against Palestinians. In several incidents, Israeli Security Forces may have resorted to disproportionate or entirely unnecessary use of force resulting in arbitrary deprivation of life, including extrajudicial execution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel continued to systematically use force and other means to suppress demonstrations by Palestinians and continued to hold human rights defenders under administrative or extended pre-trial detention. The land, sea and air blockade of Gaza, which amounted to collective punishment, had entered its fourteenth year. The pandemic had also put a greater pressure on the already-strained health system. Ms. Bachelet said the report also highlighted human rights violations committed by the Palestinian Authority and the de facto authorities in Gaza. Invoking COVID-19 emergency measures, Palestinian Authority security forces had violently dispersed and detained protestors in July 2020. On multiple occasions, security forces in the West Bank and in Gaza had summoned and detained journalists and social media activists, including women, for posting statements and videos criticizing the authorities. In addition, extremely concerning cases of ill-treatment of detainees by Palestinian security forces in the West Bank and Gaza de facto authorities\u2019 security forces had been documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms. Bachelet said the second report was on Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. The announcement of tenders had accelerated, including in the strategic area of E-1, which was of particular concern as this would isolate East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank and threaten to fragment the contiguity of the West Bank. Policies and acts contributing to a coercive environment, including the demolition of Palestinian property and the resulting displacement, had reached the highest levels since 2016, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. The demolition of residences, as well as of health, water, and sanitation and hygiene facilities during a public health crisis had further exposed many Palestinians to associated risks. During the reporting period, 339 incidents of settler violence were documented during which 142 Palestinians were injured, and a total of 8,700 trees and 477 vehicles owned by Palestinians were vandalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a related issue and concerning the High Commissioner\u2019s report stemming from the Council\u2019s forty-third session issued under resolution 31\/36 (A\/HRC\/42\/71) and associated process, Ms. Bachelet said it was not possible for the Office to absorb, on an open-ended recurring basis into the future, the substantial resources that updating the database and reporting to the Council would annually imply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third report was on human rights in the occupied Syrian Golan, and, as per usual practice, this report was based on information received from Member States. For the present report, the Permanent Missions of the Syrian Arab Republic, the People\u2019s Democratic Republic of Algeria, the Republic of Cuba, the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the State of Kuwait, and the Russian Federation had responded to the request to provide information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Concluding, Ms. Bachelet said these reports described the persistence of human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory and in the occupied Syrian Golan, with a concerning lack of accountability. The Office of the High Commissioner urged all duty-bearers to address these and other critical human rights concerns outlined in the reports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statements by Countries Concerned<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The delegation of Israel was absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

State of Palestine, speaking as a country concerned, noted that Israel, the occupying power, refused to cooperate with all United Nations mechanisms, continuing their practices of building the wall and restricting movements of Palestinians, in addition to excavations under the Al-Aqsa Mosque and usurping natural Palestinian resources, including water. Israel targeted medical staff, journalists, human rights defenders and non-governmental organizations. The Palestinian economy had sustained great losses, amounting to $ 6 billion. In administrative occupation prisons, 230 prisoners had been exposed to many forms of torture. The Palestinians suffered major collective punishment and as a result fuel and other resources were prevented from entering the entire Gaza Strip. Unemployment had reached 46 per cent in the Gaza Strip. The occupying authority still refused all General Assembly and Security Council and other resolutions, as well as the advisory opinion of the international tribunal. Israel was also refusing to give any vaccines to the citizens of any country that had refused the movement of Israel\u2019s capital to Jerusalem. State of Palestine called for the updating of the database of companies working in the Israeli occupied territories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria, speaking as a country concerned, said the Israeli occupation entity continued to commit acts of aggression against the countries of the region, threatening their territorial integrity, and practiced State terrorism against the Palestinian people and the people of the occupied Syrian Golan, taking advantage of absolute support from the United States and Western States, including through calls for the abolition of item 7 of the Human Rights Council's agenda and boycotting its deliberations. The Israeli settlements and associated measures included confiscating lands and properties, prohibiting construction and development in Syrian villages and preventing them from natural growth, stealing water and natural resources, and transferring settlers to the occupied Syrian Golan, a flagrant violation of international law and United Nations resolutions that affirmed the illegality of settlements and demanded that Israel stop changing the character, demographic composition, and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan and end its occupation. Syria called on the High Commissioner to pressure the Israeli occupation forces to open the Quneitra crossing for Syrian people in the occupied Syrian Golan who wished to visit their homeland and their relatives in Syria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers stated that Israel was more interested in colonizing Palestinian land than ensuring peace and security. They opposed Israeli settlement activities and plans for annexing any part of the West Bank as actions that undermined the two-State solution. Political, economic and humanitarian support must continue to be provided to the Palestinian people. Speakers welcomed the work of various United Nations agencies in this regard. They condemned the violent arrests taking place in East Jerusalem. Measures taken by Israel to change the demographic situation, such as demolitions of homes in East Jerusalem, were null and void. Some speakers said it was important to ensure respect for the pre-June 1967 borders, and East Jerusalem as the capital of a Palestinian State. The blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip must be lifted immediately. Speakers condemned Israel's lack of political will, which with impunity ignored the calls of the community of nations to stop the escalation of violence and the crimes it committed daily in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as in the Syrian Golan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The discriminatory distribution of vaccines by the occupying power was of extreme concern to some speakers: it was beyond understanding why Israel distributed vaccines to illegal settlers but not to Palestinians who lived in the same territory. The Palestinian people deserved a free, sovereign and independent State, to finally achieve their inalienable right to self-determination. The absence of a sustained global political solution gave rise to despair in the entire region - States must not boycott the discussion of this agenda item at the Council. Some speakers, pledging to continue speaking out against all actions that violated international law, unreservedly condemned all attacks on civilians, including the launching of rockets and incendiary balloons from Gaza which endangered Israeli civilians, and persistent acts of settler violence against Palestinians. Item 7 reflected international interest in the Palestinian cause, speakers said, urging Israel to grant visas to the staff of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Golan Heights were occupied territories, as per international law and United Nations resolutions. Israel\u2019s actions in the Golan Heights may amount to war crimes, which could possibly trigger individual criminal responsibility of those involved. Some speakers said the reports \u201cwhitewashed the crimes of the Palestinians.\u201d Israel, though not obliged to do so, had vaccinated hundreds of thousands of Arab Israelis and 90,000 Palestinians, some speakers pointed out. Others said this was a relatively low number, given that Israel had vaccinated more than half its population. Further, by only vaccinating Palestinians who were in contact with Israelis, Israel continued to uphold its racist policies. The Fourth Geneva Convention obliged Israel to ensure access to vaccines to Palestinians in the occupied territory. One speaker criticised the Council\u2019s bias against Israel, which explained why many countries refused to participate in the debate. Palestinians had launched attacks against Israel from populated areas; in keeping silent, the United Nations was complicit in this grave and dangerous breach of international law. Israel was committing the crime of apartheid. Speakers encouraged the Office to publicly provide the annual update of the database of businesses facilitating Israeli settlements in the coming months as mandated by the Council and transmit it to the Council for discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Debate on Follow-up to and Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speakers welcomed the contribution of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action to the advancement of human rights. However, they pointed out that a collective response to the rapidly mutating COVID-19 virus fell short of the \u2018Vienna spirit\u2019, which called for enhanced multilateral cooperation to secure rights for everyone everywhere. The rising \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 was a cause of grave concern. Equal priority should be given to all rights, including the right to development, and as such vaccines against COVID-19 must be made available to all countries in order to protect the most marginalised and vulnerable persons. Speakers highlighted that women and girls were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, especially from the perspective of gender-based violence and the extra burdens they experienced due to gendered social constructs, the continued undervaluing of the care economy, and the pay gap. Men had yet to take a proportionate share of domestic chores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The international community should redouble its efforts to address longstanding international conflicts to genuinely implement the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The exacerbation of inequalities in the context of COVID-19 was regrettable: more just societies must be created. Capacity building for legal systems, including education and information exchange, must be bolstered in light of the disruption caused by COVID-19. Objectivity, impartiality and non-selectivity must inform all actions of the Council, as all States must encourage genuine dialogue instead of the politicisation of human rights and interference in countries\u2019 internal affairs. Other speakers noted that States that committed human rights violations must be held to account - this universal notion was enshrined in the very foundation of the United Nations. The global human rights agenda would remain unfulfilled unless all occupied people were granted their inalienable right to self-determination. Timely achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals was crucial for the effective implementation of the Declaration.<\/p>\n","post_title":"High Commissioner for Human Rights Presents Three Reports on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the Occupied Syrian Golan","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"high-commissioner-for-human-rights-presents-three-reports-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-the-occupied-syrian-golan","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4572","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":4547,"post_author":"7","post_date":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_date_gmt":"2021-03-18 22:05:50","post_content":"\n

\u00a9 IBI World Limited<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Until 2017, Italy and Germany exported goods and services to Iran for around 2.6 billion Euros (Italy) and 1.5 billion Euros (Germany)[1]<\/sup><\/a>. This is because, based on the rules of the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\", signed on July 14, 2015 by the European Union, China and the United States, sanctions against Iran have gradually expired and trade has been resumed. All of this has stopped since Donald Trump became the president of the United States: he has tightened sanctions again and forced European partners to close the doors that had previously been opened[2]<\/sup><\/a>. In 2019, Italian sales fell to 0.8 billion Euros[3]<\/sup><\/a>, German sales by around 45%[4]<\/sup><\/a>, and the trend worsened again in the first quarter of 2020: just over 150 million Euros[5]<\/sup><\/a>. What Iran no longer buys from us today, it buys from Russia, China, India and above all from Turkey[6]<\/sup><\/a>. One could say once again that the Trump Presidency has proven to be a real disaster for us Europeans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not our opinion, but that of the German government through the mouth of Foreign Minister Heiko Maas, who declared on January 15, 2020 that Germany, in clear opposition to the United States \"prefers reasonable diplomacy instead of growing pressure<\/em>\", economically and militarily[7]<\/sup><\/a>; Both Minister Maas and Chancellor Angela Merkel have confirmed that they intend to comply with the \"Joint Comprehensive Action Plan<\/em>\"[8]<\/sup><\/a>, which provides for the lifting of sanctions from October 1, 2020 that won\u2019t prevent Iran anymore from buying arms.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The weakening of the embargo against Iran\u2019s regime<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nasrin Sotoudeh, sentenced to 33 years in prison and 148 whips for refusing to veil<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iranian intellectuals who have fled abroad deeply disapprove this political decision. This year, one of the most authoritative members of the Iranian Ecological Party, Kazem Moussavi, is traveling to Germany to give lectures explaining how the end of sanctions has detrimental consequences for the lack of freedom, the condition of women and violence against women, more generally against all who do not conform to the will of the fundamentalist regime in Tehran[10]<\/sup><\/a>. However, the political and economic pragmatism of Germany is divided by the French and the British government into facts (if not words)[11]<\/sup><\/a>. And when Germany takes a rigid stance on the contempt for freedom in Iran, the government of Tehran reacts with great moderation and repeats that Germany is Iran's best friend and that any discrepancy is only the result of the binding constraints that Berlin has on its Western partners.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are very few discrepancies. It is very rare for EU governments to try to put political pressure on the Ayatollah regime, even if it does inhumane and unacceptable acts like the persecution of lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, who raises the question of the constitutionality of the veil's commitment to women, put up the defense of women who are \"guilty<\/em>\", of daring not to respect the decisions of their father or husband[13]<\/sup><\/a>, and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and torture for this. In Germany, the request for State action (against this Iranian court decision) comes from the ecological party, but is not followed up by Chancellor Angela Merkel or the Foreign Ministry[14]<\/sup><\/a>. The French government confined itself to expressing \"concern<\/em>\"[15]<\/sup><\/a>. The British government is silent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that Germany is at the center of a large and powerful lobby that not only wants to promote the growth of trade with Iran, but also shares some of the most despicable positions of the Ayatollahs and their theocracy: anti-Semitism, contempt for civil and social conquests democracy, the love of National Socialism (which also has deep historical roots)[16]<\/sup><\/a>, the dream of militarization of society - all positions that are openly supported in Germany by the far-right party AfD (Alternative for Germany, which also supports the embargo against Iran[17]<\/sup><\/a>), the neo-Nazi magazine \"Zuerst<\/em>\" and even a new party that is directly (and officially) funded by Tehran and led by a son of Turkish immigrants (Yavuz \u00d6zoguz) and by a celebrated neo-fascist, the commercial lobbyist Christoph H\u00f6rstel.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The latter ran a promising import-export company with China (China Import GmbH Munich) until 15 years ago, which then went bankrupt[19]<\/sup><\/a>. These two gentlemen (\u00d6zoguz and H\u00f6rstel) founded a party called Deutsche Mitte (DM, German centrism[20]<\/sup><\/a>), which has little success but is problematic for public order: its annual anti-Semitic march was last banned[21]<\/sup><\/a>. In Iran, the state television channel NASR-TV (also in German language) has been broadcasting for over 10 years, and it broadcasts openly anti-Semitic and National Socialist content.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In France, although Ayatollah's regime's most loyal friend remains Marine Le Pen[23]<\/sup><\/a>, the more general political opening to Iran began in June 2014, with the publication of a full document signed by MPs and Senators, who moved almost all parties from right to left[24]<\/sup><\/a>, expecting to change the political mood about Tehran. This trend has intensified in recent years, especially since in 2011 320 out of 577 French parliamentarians signed a call for recognition of the OMPI (Organization of the Moudjahidines du Peuple Iranien), an even more fundamentalist movement of the Ayatollahs, as a pro recognized western political opposition in Iran[25]<\/sup><\/a>. A bug that was corrected by the action of a pro-Saudi senator, Nathalie Goulet.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The birth of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The poster promoting an international conference calling for an end to sanctions against Iran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is only since 2014 that politicians and business lobbyists who, despite all humanitarian considerations, are committed to expanding trade with Iran have had their operational tool: the CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie, which was founded by a group of companies and senators from a wide range of political directions [27]<\/sup><\/a>, which are closely linked to the economic structures of France and Germany but are based in England[28]<\/sup><\/a>, in the offices of a PR company called European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham, owned by two finance lawyers, Maya Lester and Michael O'Kane[29]<\/sup><\/a>, whose goal is to explain to companies wishing to work with Tehran how to avoid the restrictions on the embargo.[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first surprise is the list of European Sanctions Limited's customers: Kadi Holding Dammam (Saudi Arabia), the controversial Burmese banker Htoo Htet Tay Za, the Iranian Central Bank, the NITC National Iranian Tanker Company, the IRISL Group Tehran and the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority[31]<\/sup><\/a> (an agency that rejects agreements with Iran)[32]<\/sup><\/a>. Given Saudi Arabia's traditionally hostile attitude to the Tehran regime (which ranges to torture, beatings, or expulsion of Iranian pilgrims visiting Mecca)[33]<\/sup><\/a>, the two British trustees have an astonishing client portfolio. Michael O\u2019Kane is also the author of a study on nuclear safety issues in the Persian Gulf[34]<\/sup><\/a> that is clearly being used on the Saudi Arabian side. After all, O'Kane is a former Senior Crown Prosecutor and now co-owner of the London law firm Peters & Peters[35]<\/sup><\/a>, whose main client is the SAGIA Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

French industrial engagement in Tehran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 The Alstom power plant in Tehran<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second surprise: CIE is headed by an English engineer, Nigel Coulthard, who was CEO[37]<\/sup><\/a> of Alstom Khadamat SA Tehran[38]<\/sup><\/a> , a company of the Alstom Group (100%)[39]<\/sup><\/a> that produces and markets rail and power technology in Iran until the end of 2010[40]<\/sup><\/a>. It is not a coincidence. After a profound industrial crisis and complex changes in the corporate structure, Alstom now produces trains, railways and systems that are connected to rail transport[41]<\/sup><\/a>. In the past, however, this French multinational group has been a pioneer in the development of nuclear energy[42]<\/sup><\/a>, and its \"Arabelle<\/em>\" turbines are still the most modern and best-selling in the world[43]<\/sup><\/a> - for everyone, including Iran[44]<\/sup><\/a>, despite the Western powers' concern about Tehran's involvement to become a nuclear power.[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framatome, the French nuclear industry, which (together with German partners) supplied uranium, turbines and technology for the construction of nuclear power stations to the Shah of Persia before the 1979 revolution[46]<\/sup><\/a>, terminated its cooperation with Iran after Khomeini's seizure of power[47]<\/sup><\/a>. But then, over the years, Framatome resumed working with Tehran (without supplying uranium or turbines for nuclear power plants, only information about scientific development)[48]<\/sup><\/a>: Alstom group still owns 75.5% of Framatome[49]<\/sup><\/a> through EDF[50]<\/sup><\/a>. As far as Alstom is concerned, French industry has today signed multi-billion gas turbine[51]<\/sup><\/a> and rail technology contracts with Iran.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nigel Coulthard was not chosen at random. Before joining Alstom, he was a scientist at the CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris[53]<\/sup><\/a>. In this role, he was in Iran for the first time and completed his studies[54]<\/sup><\/a> at the University of Tehran in 1978 - a year before the revolution[55]<\/sup><\/a>. In parallel, Coulthard served in the Navy and is still (since 24 years in office) president of the Paris section of the RNVR (Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve)[56]<\/sup><\/a>, a paramilitary organization that supports British foreign policy with tasks similar to those of the secret services[57]<\/sup><\/a> (a unit of great tradition, since even James Bond, in literature, is a former colonel of the RNVR)[58]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Nigel Coulthard returned to Tehran to head the local Alstom Group office, he was already worldwide considered an expert on Iranian issues[59]<\/sup><\/a>, especially after the publication of one of his essays, which is funny and easy to read, full of data and positive anecdotes and includes personal memories and words of appreciation for the Persian people. As he resigned at the end of 2010, he was supposed to set up his own commercial and industrial consultancy with the Persian Gulf countries[60]<\/sup><\/a>: The Luzigneul Management Enterprise (which is actually not a company registered in the commercial register, but only the pseudonym behind which Coulthard runs his business)[61]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The business of the new company was booming so much that Coulthard bought the historic Luzigneul[62]<\/sup><\/a> Castle in Normandy and turned it into a luxury hotel[63]<\/sup><\/a>. The castle is officially owned by Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. Barnet (London) \u2013 whose sole shareholder[64]<\/sup><\/a> is Coulthard. As he was elected President of the CIE, a personality has been chosen who had a good reputation and very strong ties in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sponsors of the CIE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 The view from a balcony of the CIE building<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CIE Cercle Iran \u00c9conomie is a non-profit organization founded in Paris on October 31, 2014. CIE is headquartered at Avenue du Pr\u00e9sident Kennedy 16 - a luxurious address (a 100 m2<\/sup> apartment here costs an average of one million Euros[65]<\/sup><\/a>, or 1550 Euros for 32 m2<\/sup> for rent[66]<\/sup><\/a>), with a view of the Seine, 200 meters from the Eiffel Tower and just as far from the Trocad\u00e9ro[67]<\/sup><\/a> Gardens. The club has no budget problems. The Board of Directors is made up of famous personalities from the university world as well as the scientific and industrial exchange between France and Iran[68]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main partners of CIE are the BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London and the DIHKEV German-Iranian Chamber of Commerce eV Hamburg[69]<\/sup><\/a>, but it seems clear that also MEDEF International[70]<\/sup><\/a> is actively involved on the French side. The latter organization is a phenomenal instrument developed by the main captains of French industry in the summer of 1990[71]<\/sup><\/a>, as businessmen and politicians, after the end of the Cold War, recognized the new great opportunity[72]<\/sup><\/a> that resulted from globalization and the opening up of new markets in the Eastern world that were unreachable until the fall of the Berlin Wall[73]<\/sup><\/a>. Under the direction of Yves-Thibault De Silguy, MEDEF has been trying for almost 30 years to intensify industrial exchanges with Iran (especially in the nuclear and mechanical sectors) and to lift the international embargo measures[74]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Silguy is a powerful figure in France, the sprout of a Breton aristocracy whose history dates back to the 14th<\/sup> century[75]<\/sup><\/a>. Politically employed on the far right (his statements against the 1968[76]<\/sup><\/a> student movement are famous), he worked as head of foreign trade (or French trade policy within the European Union) with governments under the presidency of the Republic of Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing, led by Jacques Chirac and by Eduard Balladur[77]<\/sup><\/a>; he then left politics and went into the private sector, where he worked in key positions for several French multinational companies[78]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BICC was founded on November 22, 1996 by an impressive number of lobbyists, trustees, business lawyers and international brokers who appear to be working to ensure that industrial and commercial trade with Tehran flourishes despite the international embargo[79]<\/sup><\/a>. BICC's annual balance sheet shows negligible numbers[80]<\/sup><\/a>, but there are people of absolute importance among its leaders: For example, Touradj Amirsouleymani[81]<\/sup><\/a>, founder and president of the Mandro-Chase FZE Tehran Group, which has been operating mining and oil production facilities in Iran since 1969 in partnership with western partners[82]<\/sup><\/a>, builds and operates; Amirsouleymani, although he lives in England today, remains one of the most powerful men in his country[83]<\/sup><\/a>. Or Cyrus Mehdi Zadeh, who heads the MZ Group from Richmond and is involved in the development of hospital technology in Iran[84]<\/sup><\/a>. And Jawad Kamel, President of the Turkish-born Advance International Transport AS Istanbul group[85]<\/sup><\/a>, who moved to Bulgaria[86]<\/sup><\/a> and now controls one of the most important multinational shipping, rail or air transport companies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.[87]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank and the Defence of Iranian Interests in Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Michael Tockuss, General Manager of DIHKEV<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIHKEV is an extremely professional organization, which has been led by lobbyist Michael Tockuss[88]<\/sup><\/a> since its inception and is closely linked to EIH Bank in Hamburg[89]<\/sup><\/a>, the largest fully Iranian capital bank, which was founded in 1971 on the territory of the European Union[90]<\/sup><\/a>. The bank has been on the blacklist of institutes sanctioned for the embargo since 2011, but is strongly defended by the German economic institute[91]<\/sup><\/a>, despite a large movement from opponents of the Ayatollah regime in the hope of withdrawing the banking license from the EIH Bank exercise.[92]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EIH Bank (European-Iranian Commercial Bank) is vital to the government of Tehran and has been included on the OFAC's list (Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Federal Treasury Department of the United States[93]<\/sup><\/a>), which prohibit economic relations[94]<\/sup><\/a>. The first serious impact of an international [95]<\/sup><\/a>embargo is that no money can be moved to pay for potential suppliers or collect money for goods and services provided, since exchanges with blacklisted financial institutions are prohibited[96]<\/sup><\/a> - hence the state of Iran, all of its banks and all of its industries and its large trading companies[97]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This measure\u2019s result in a country's economy throttles the nation and often cause the collapse of salary payments for all of a nation's administrative and commercial activities. To avoid this, a bank is needed, that continuously violates the embargo and allows, despite the embargo, to collect valuable currencies to be introduced into the internal market. Michael Tockuss and DIHKEV, who are not considered commercial entities, are not on this black-list and can operate without restrictions, although they may recommend triangulations with companies that are registered in the tax havens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn't always end well. In July 2018, due to an official intervention by the US ambassador in Berlin[98]<\/sup><\/a>, the German federal government was forced to freeze 300 million Euros ($ 347 million) that were deposited in the accounts of the EIH Bank in Hamburg[99]<\/sup><\/a>: they were going to be transferred to Tehran with the approval of the Bundesbank[100]<\/sup><\/a>. The dispute is still ongoing. In anticipation of these difficulties, the Iranian government has chosen an alternative route after the rumors of document seizure by the Americans at EIH Bank has become public: the creation of a 30 million Euros renewable credit line, with a guarantee from the government of the European Union has been opened, which enables anyone with the right contacts (e.g. Tockuss and DIHKEV) to continue trading with the EDBI (Export Development Bank of Iran)[101]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This path is still practicable and practiced. Another sign that despite the sanctions and public repudiation against the crimes committed by the Ayatollah regime, there is still growing desire to trade with Iran, one of the potentially richest countries in the world, and despite any official policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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[1]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/parstoday.com\/it\/news\/iran-i143075-commercio_iran_italia_primo_partner_europeo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/aussenpolitik\/laenderinformationen\/iran-node\/iran\/218250<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/scambi_commerciali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.infomercatiesteri.it\/relazioni_internazionali.php?id_paesi=104<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/S\/RES\/2231(2015)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/haskala.de\/2019\/03\/29\/die-iran-lobby-in-deutschland-und-die-situation-der-exil-opposition\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/376081239875230\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.n-tv.de\/politik\/Iran-liebt-Deutschland-article3175836.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/watch\/?v=491185341477405<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bundestag.de\/dokumente\/textarchiv\/2018\/kw32-psp-nouripour-565428<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/iran\/evenements\/article\/iran-situation-de-nasrin-sotoudeh-11-03-19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/news\/articles\/germany-cant-stop-loving-iran<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/afdkompakt.de\/2020\/01\/22\/steinmeier-sollte-die-anbiederung-an-den-iran-beenden\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/de\/D2601V_HRB152781<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/dm-partei-der-mullahs-bei-der-bundestagswahl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.tagesspiegel.de\/berlin\/al-quds-marsch-in-berlin-abgesagt-eine-der-widerlichsten-antisemitischen-veranstaltungen-bleibt-uns-erspart\/25793056.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mena-watch.com\/das-antisemitische-netzwerk-der-islamischen-republik-iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/iraniansforum.com\/eu\/eine-gefahr-fur-die-demokratie-in-deutschland-die-afd-iran-russland-connection\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/actualite\/monde\/moudjahidines-le-lobby-des-elus_998198.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[27]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.mesp.me\/2014\/05\/25\/iran-france-lobbying-economique-pro-iranien-a-paris\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265693861_VERS_L'OUVERTURE_DES_ECHANGES_COMMERCIAUX<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[28]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[29]<\/sup><\/a> European Sanctions Ltd. Birmingham<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.europeansanctions.com\/contact-us\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[31]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[32]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.misa.gov.sa\/en\/e-services\/international-investment-agreements\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[33]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/sep\/25\/iran-blames-saudi-government-hajj-disaster-investigation<\/a> ; https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2016\/01\/02\/middleeast\/saudi-arabia-executes-dozens-terror\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/millions-attend-hajj-in-saudi-arabia-just-not-the-iranians\/<\/a> ; https:\/\/defence.pk\/pdf\/threads\/iran-may-stop-sending-pilgrims-to-saudi-arabia-after-teenagers-sexual-abuse.370045\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[34]<\/sup><\/a> Michael O\u2019Kane, \u201cDoing business in Saudi Arabia<\/em>\u201d, Andalus Publishing, London 2013; Various Authors, \u201cPreventing Black Market Trade in Nuclear technology<\/em>\u201d, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-o-kane-a8ab8414\/?originalSubdomain=uk<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[36]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Doing-Business-Saudi-Arabia-Michael-ebook\/dp\/B00C2TCUZ0<\/a>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[37]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[38]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/firms\/brick-court-chambers\/maya-lester<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[39]<\/sup><\/a> Alstom Annual Financial Statement (2019), in  https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/sites\/alstom.com\/files\/2019\/05\/06\/FY18-19%20Group%20Consolidated%20FS%20%20Notes%20ENG.pdf<\/a>, page 80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[41]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[42]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.industrie-techno.com\/article\/nucleaire-eolien-centrales-thermiques-les-technologies-dont-alstom-pourrait-perdre-le-controle.29800<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[43]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/vox\/economie\/2015\/01\/05\/31007-20150105ARTFIG00339-vente-d-alstom-les-dessous-des-cartes-par-jean-michel-quatrepoint.php<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[44]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/10\/liran-devra-verser-4-milliards-a-framatome-alsthom-et-spie-954136<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[45]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[46]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/country-profiles\/countries-g-n\/iran.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[47]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/1991\/02\/framatome-condamnee-a-verser-550-millions-de-f-a-liran-940968<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[48]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0301421580900191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[49]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.framatome.com\/EN\/businessnews-106\/framatome-governance-and-executive-committee.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[50]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.ge.com\/news\/reports\/french-connection-ge-edf-click<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[51]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.alstom.com\/press-releases-news\/2002\/8\/ALSTOM-awarded-major-contract-to-supply-GT13E2-gas-turbine-technology-to-Iran-20020829<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[52]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/financialtribune.com\/articles\/economy-domestic-economy\/68909\/france-s-alstom-jv-to-supply-iran-with-1000-subway-cars<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[53]<\/sup><\/a> Ha scritto due testi importanti sullo sviluppo dei semi-conduttori nell\u2019industria nucleare. Uno con Robert Pezzan nel 1983: \u201cNew developments in improving the current carrying capability of power semiconductors<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/252665462_New_developments_in_improving_the_current_carrying_capability_of_power_semiconductors<\/a>); uno nel 1997: \u201cDevelopments in high power semiconductor modules for traction<\/em>\u201d (https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/3737203_Developments_in_high_power_semiconductor_modules_for_traction<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[54]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Nigel_Coulthard<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[55]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/graduates.name\/institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations-2460-11#id28187298<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[56]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/nigelcoulthard\/?originalSubdomain=fr<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[57]<\/sup><\/a> Stephen Howarth, \u201cThe Royal Navy\u2019s Reserves in War and Peace: 1903-2003<\/em>\u201d, Leo Cooper Ltd.\/Pen & Sword Books, Barnsley (South Yorkshire) 2003<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[58]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Naval_Reserve#Volunteer_Reserve<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[59]<\/sup><\/a> Nigel Coulthard, \u201cIran, Hussein's dilemma: A key to understanding the reality and challenges of Iran<\/em>\u201d, Books on Demand \/ Fulmer Enterprises, McFarland (Wisconsin) 2014 (https:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Iran-Husseins-Dilemma-Nigel-Coulthard\/dp\/2322035602<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[60]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[61]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/398007641-coulthard-nigel-charles-39800764100010.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=false<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[62]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/nigelcoulthard-internationalmanager.blogspot.com\/p\/my-experience.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[63]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chateau-luzigneul.fr\/fr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[64]<\/sup><\/a> 2015.07.07 Oroc Management Consultants Ltd. London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[65]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.meilleursagents.com\/prix-immobilier\/paris-75000\/avenue-du-president-kennedy-290\/16\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[66]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.book-a-flat.com\/it\/appartamento-paris-7476.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[67]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/catalogue.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb16921548k<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[68]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/presentation-du-cercle\/le-bureau\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[69]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.cercle-iran-eco.com\/partenaires\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[70]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/rap\/r13-605\/r13-605_mono.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[71]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.infogreffe.fr\/entreprise-societe\/378236376-mouvement-entreprise-france-internationa.html?typeProduitOnglet=EXTRAIT&afficherretour=true<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[72]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/futurs\/2010\/09\/02\/medef-reperes_676030 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[73]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2011\/11\/HALIMI\/46916<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[74]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.medefinternational.fr\/services\/iran\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[75]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.lexpress.fr\/region\/les-silguy-au-nom-de-la-loi_485546.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[76]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/portrait\/1995\/01\/23\/yves-thibault-de-silguy-un-commissaire-a-la-hussarde_118874<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[77]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_de_Silguy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[78]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.vinci.com\/vinci.nsf\/en\/management-board-directors\/pages\/yves-thibault_de_silguy.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[79]<\/sup><\/a> 1996.11.22 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[80]<\/sup><\/a> 2019.12.31 BICC British Iranian Chamber of Commerce Plc London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[81]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/suite.endole.co.uk\/insight\/company\/03282914-the-british-iranian-chamber-of-commerce<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[82]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.chase-mandro.com\/contact%20us.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[83]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/chase-mandro.com\/our%20people1.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[84]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/reconnectingiran.org.cutestat.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[85]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.bicc.org.uk\/focus\/issue15.pdf<\/a>, page 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[86]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/0179996D:TI<\/a> ; https:\/\/aee.bg\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[87]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.shippingline.org\/company\/uz-4414\/Advance_International_Transport.html<\/a> ; http:\/\/www.investbulgaria.com\/Transportation-and-Logistics\/advance-international-transport-ead\/6609<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[88]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/unser-team<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[89]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.irananders.de\/nachricht\/detail\/455.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[90]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.eihbank.de\/pdf\/eihbank_GB2019.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[91]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/93092-151121-germany-s-other-special-relationship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[92]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/de.stopthebomb.net\/de\/eih.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[93]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/about\/organizational-structure\/offices\/pages\/office-of-foreign-assets-control.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[94]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov\/Details.aspx?id=7034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[95]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.treasury.gov\/resource-center\/sanctions\/Programs\/Documents\/CISADA_english.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[96]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/Serviceleistungen<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[97]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/www.dihkev.de\/FinanzabwicklungueberDritte<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[98]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/sep\/06\/ATKWT20180906.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[99]<\/sup><\/a> http:\/\/www.arabtimesonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/2018\/jul\/10\/ATKWT20180710.pdf<\/a>, page 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[100]<\/sup><\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/07\/09\/0\/2828004.pdf<\/a>, page 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[101]<\/a> https:\/\/media.mehrnews.com\/d\/2018\/04\/08\/0\/2754602.pdf<\/a>, page 11<\/p>\n","post_title":"Behind the curtains, in the European capitals, the desire for Iran grows","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"behind-the-curtains-in-the-european-capitals-the-desire-for-iran-grows","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_modified_gmt":"2025-02-02 08:36:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/dctransparency.com\/?p=4547","menu_order":0,"post_type":"post","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"next":false,"prev":true,"total_page":71},"paged":1,"column_class":"jeg_col_2o3","class":"epic_block_3"};

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